The feeding of the 1,000+

Filipinos in America might have adapted to the American culture but they certainly have retained much of their own. One of the cultural/religious practices they brought with them is the celebration of “Simbang Gabi” (Night Mass). 

The observance of this religious gathering here in America takes a different approach. Unlike in the Philippines where Simbang Gabi are held daily from December 16-24, the American version (at least here in Chicago) is held only once before December 25. 

The mass is usually followed by a huge reception where Filipino foods are served. There are also renditions of Filipino folk songs and dances. The celebration is attended not only by Fil-Ams but by other North American Catholics who are very delighted with Filipino food and entertainment.

We at Mabuhay Restaurant are privileged and happy to have taken part in this celebration. We were chosen to cater two big churches: St. Patrick in St. Charles, IL and St. Matthew in Glen Ellyn. We fed more than a thousand people.

St Patrick Church ordered 550 pieces of fresh lumpia, 550 pieces of turon and 500 pieces of palitaw. These delicacies are individually prepared by hand. The main entrees were eight large catering trays chicken afritada and eight trays of pork adobo. My team and I took two days of prepping and cooking. It takes an oversized wok, a huge “paddle” and a lot of guts to cook for hundreds of people. 

St. Matthew Church ordered 500 pieces of fried chicken, 500 pieces of pan de sal, 1,700 pieces of lumpia shanghai (egg rolls), eight large trays of pancit and four large trays of chop suey. We labored two days to prepare for this catering order. 

My real gain and profit in doing these catering events were more than monetary. I certainly gained new circles of friends who are now my “Suki” (regular and faithful customers). Also, I learned some new processes and techniques in volume prepping and cooking. And best of all, Mabuhay Restaurant earned some valuable respect from the local Filipino community for the delicious food and efficient and timely service.  Both St. Patrick and St. Matthew Churches clearly indicated that Mabuhay Restaurant will be their caterer for next year’s Simbang Gabi. 

myCulinary Influences

All I really need to know about Filipino food, I learned while still a young boy in a Philippine village.

I grew up around people who loved to cook. They cooked not only for their families but for others. I have vivid memories of my childhood. I remember our family had an extra long and wide dining table that can sit 24 people- 10 on each long side and 2 on either head tables. There were people who din’t live in our house but ate there regularly. There were always new faces. Most of them were people who worked for father who was the hacienda foreman. Mother was always cooking and feeding people so our kitchen was always busy. Mother and her team cooked over firewood’s using large pots and pans. Our house always smelled food and smoke from firewood burning almost perpetually. W
I grew up smelling aromas and scents of Filipino food. I learned early on that onions and garlic makes one cry, ground pepper makes you sneeze and labuyo peppers sting. The salt seasoning come from granulated sea salt, fish sauce (patis), soy sauce, bagoong (salted fish like anchovy), bagoong alamang (salty shrimp paste).  And seasoning is not complete without the vinegar.last

I witnessed how pigs and cows became pork and beef. I enjoyed gathering eggs from baskets every morning and watched my father milked our carabaos at daybreak.  I was mother’s assistant in dressing the ducks and chickens and harvesting vegetables from the backyard garden.  
Village fiestas, weddings, baptism and even wakes were centered on food. During The Barrio fiesta, our family always hosted and fed special guests,stage performers, and the band. Festive foods overflowed to welcome not just relatives and friends but people from the other villages. There were a lot of cooking that went on. During special events like weddings, she and her team were sought after in cooking the feast recipes like adobo, menudo , caldereta, bopis, lechon, kilawin, sisig, hegado, dinuguan, arroz valenciana, morcon, asado, relleno, kare-kare, embotido, menudo, afritada, lumpia, pancit, mechado Slaughtering animals for food were a communal activity mostly involving the men and we kids were the avid spectators and learners of the trade. The best part was tasting the food before they were even served. I hanged out around the outdoor cooking area and the cooks would give me samples of food. Even as a young boy, I can distinguish many Filipino dishes  by their looks, smell and taste. 

When I started high school, I worked as a houseboy. Cleaning around the house and cooking were part of my job. So, as early as age 13 I’ve been cooking for people other than my family. I cooked meals for an old retired couple.

I cooked my own food at the dormitory during my college days. It was then that learned creativity in cooking. I mastered how to stretch a budget to come up with cheap but nutritious food. I learned how to gather wild plants and even edible insects to supplement my food supply. (Read my blog articles Survivor Parts 1&2)

My food business  started in the Middle East while working as engineer in the Sultanate of Oman. Like the other Filipino expatriates, we missed and craved Filipino foods.  My wife and I saw this as an opportunity to start a business. For me, it was doing a passion I inherited from my family. Cooking professionally took another level than home cooking. I had to be consistent with the taste and the looks of the food. We manufactured longanisa, tocino and lumpia. We also cooked and froze favorite delicacies like dinuguan, lechon paksiw, papaitan and many more. Our home-based food business proved to be very rewarding. I doubled my income.

When we came to America, I took pride in serving Filipino foods to our American friends. I always brought pancit, lumpia and adobo to church fellowship dinners.

My cooking skills greatly improved here in America. I was encouraged to  try Western cooking while watching the Food Channel. I learned from the celebrity chefs like Booby Flay, Rachel Ray, Julia Child’s Tyler Florence, Guy Fieri, Alton Brown, Anthony Bourdain and Emeril Lagasse.BAM!!!! Emeril Lagasse

My new cooking techniques learned from the celebrity pros were put into work when my wife went to nursing school. “Please I need your help while I’m finishing up my nursing degree. Would you do the cooking for the family?” I did not hesitate. I invaded the kitchen and prepared gourmet meals everyday to the delight and pleasure of my family. This boosted my confidence in my culinary capabilities., especially when I see people enjoying my food. I knew in my heart I can cook, and I’m a chef in my own rights! My cooking  knowledge is a lifetime achievement and I want to impart this knowledge and skill to the next generation. Therefore, there’s something cooking up in my restaurant other than food. It’s a cookbook! – The Mabuhay Cookbook:Sharing the Authentic Recipes 

Reserve your copy NOW😃

my Restaurant: Mabuhay Restaurant breaks into mainstream market! 

The following news article was published in Pinoy Newsmagazine in Chicago, Illinois. Along with the article is a whole page ad announcing Mabuhay’s re-Grand Opening. 

American Chef and television personality Anthony Bordaine predicted that “Filipino food is the next big thing in America”. The famous chef saw it coming. Mabuhay Restaurant is seeing and experiencing it happening. And for sure many other Filipino restaurants in America are experiencing the same.

Gil Valenzuela, owner and Chef of Mabuhay Restaurant, reports that his restaurant has been catering to big corporate offices throughout the Chicagoland on a regular basis. “Our catering clients include United Airlines corporate office, AON, DHL, Kraft Foods, BMO Harris Bank, American Hotel Register, O’Hare Plaza, LA Fitness, Lifetime Fitness, ATI Physical Therapy, Advocate Health, Northshore Hodpitals, Kellogg School of Business, Roosevelt University, Pampered Chef, Morraine College and many more. 

“Our kitchen is very busy preparing lunches for hundreds of people from Monday through Friday. We set up our food at a lobby or a section of a cafeteria and employees of these offices line up to buy their lunch and we always sell out”., said Gil.

“We serve Filipino food like pancit, adobo, lumpia, chopsuey, barbecue on bamboo sticks. To many people, this is their introduction to Filipino food and a number of them would visit our restaurant to try other Filipino dishes.

As the list of their corporate clients grow, so is the exposure of Filipino food to new audiences. “I feel like we are contributing to the breaking of the bamboo ceiling in the American food industry”, says Gil noting that “Our customers are not just Filipinos. Ninety nine percent of those who line up to buy our food are non-Filipinos.

Filipino food continues to make an inroad into the mainstream American market as restaurants like Mabuhay make a special marketing effort to reach the larger American market.

Also, many young Filipino chefs are making big splashes by winning national cooking competitions. A famous restaurant in New York won a prestigious national burger competition with their entry of longanisa burger with banana ketchup and atchara. Another one beat their competitors with her adobo burger using the pandesal as the burger bun. 

Meanwhile, a number of Filipino words that had been added to the Oxford English Dictionary are words that refer to food such as sinigang, pan de sal,pasalubong, pulutan, halu-halo, adobo, and pancit among many others.. 

By the way, the word “MABUHAY” also made it to the Oxford English Dictionary. 

my Pilgrimage Pt3

The Island of Patmos, Greece We de boarded the Azamara Cruise ship and took a speedboat to reach the Island of Patmos. We couldn’t asked for a better tour guide than the one assigned to us. He authored a book about the Island of Patmos.I’m seated on a huge rock which is part of the cave where the Apostle John received the Revelation from God. Below is the entrance door to the cave. We were not allowed to take pictures inside the cave. Orthodox Service/Mass are conducted inside the cave chapel several times a day. The Monastery of St. John the Theologian located at the highest poin of Patmos Island. Relaxing in one of the courtyards of the St John Monastery.Below the monastery and on the shores of Patmos Island are the whitewash buildings- the other tourist attraction in the Island of Patmos. 

myPilgrimage to the Bible Lands Pt 2

(Note: Tour providers distinguish Bible Land tour from Holy land tour. Holy Land pilgrimage is the visit to Israel where Jesus lived. Visit to other places mentioned in the Bible is referred to as Biblical tour. Pilgrimage to the Holy Land is still on my bucket list.)

  Corinth 

Thessalonica 

These ancient water system viaducts are  all around the city of Thessalonica. Driving around the city is like being in a huge museum. There are traces of the ancient relics everywhere.Thessalonica at the present times.

  • EphesusThe famous goddess NikeArcheological digging of the ancient city of Ephesus started in the mid 1800 and yet to this day only 10-15% had been unearthed! The Library of Celsus




myPilgrimage to the Biblical Lands Pt.1

“Sweetheart, free yourself for ten days in October starting the 23rd.” My wife whispered to me as she woke me up one Saturday morning in September 2014. Why? I asked. “I’m not telling.  We’re going on a trip that’s all I can say. Just be ready”.  She said with a smirk. 

I did not insist on knowing. I just knew something  good was cooking up and I enyoyed being surprised.  There were a number of reasons to celebrate and to be thankful.  That was the third year of my cancer remission.  She usually gives me something valuable on my birthday and I was still waiting for the gift for my 56th.  And yes, our 31st wedding anniversary was around the corner.  A spirtual retreat in Wisconsin just like what we did years back would be a good time for reflection.  

Few days before the scheduled getaway, I found something in the mail that revealed her surprise…..a packet from Asbury Theological Seminary detailing the itinerary for a cruise to Greece and Turkey! The trip was for a spiritual pilgrimage to the Biblical lands. What an upgrade from the Wisconsin retreat I was expecting! 

The cruise organized by Asbury Theological Seminary for its alumni, traced the footsteps of the Apostle Paul’s Second Missionary Journey.  The Book of Acts came to life as we visited the sites of the New Testament Churches.

Dr. Maxie Dunnam, the seminary president during my time at Asbury Theological Seminary came along and gave lectures on the significance of the historical/Biblical sites which includes Thessalonica, Philippi, Berea and Corinth in Greece and Ephesus, Miletus Pergamom in Turkey. We also toured the famous sites of Acropolis of Athens, the Corinth Canal, monasteries in the monolith mountains of Meteora, Hagaia Sophia, Blue Mosque and the famous Grand Bazaar in Istanbul.

Phillippi

For me, one of the highlights of the tour was when Dr. Dunnam assigned me as one of the Pastors to administer communion to alumni delegates at the biblical site of  Phillippi where the first woman/Gentile convert Lydia, met the Apostle Paul. Before the communion, one woman delegate portrayed the character of Lydia with the background of the rushing water. As I listened, I was transported back to the New Testament times! Lydia was a trader of purple cloth. During the communion we blessed the people with water scooped from the rushing river. I was assigned to distribute the communion bread to a section of the crowed standing by the bank of the river. We were given this script: “The body of Christ broken for you. Take, eat that you may have peace.” 
When I served the bread to a lady whose face became familiar because we rode the same tour bus, my script changed. I said: “The body of Christ broken for you. Take, eat and be healed.” She looked me straight in the eyes, then started sobbing as she took the bread. 

Later, when we got in the bus, she came to me and said. Thank you Pastor (She knew I’m a pastor as indicated in my name tag) for declaring healing on me. That’s just what I needed. I’ve been struggling with physical issues and I needed God’s touch. I felt and I believe He did it today.” 

“Praise the Lord! God bless you my dear Sister. I’m a cancer survivor because God healed me. I said in response.

Berea, Greece

The statue of the Apostle Paul. 

Meteora, Greece

Monasteries were built on top of these rock mountains.

Tha man-made Corinth Canal

 ———————————-

Next Blog issue will feature:

  • Island of Patmos
  • Corinth
  • Thessalonica
  • Pergamom
  • Miletus
  • Ephesus
  • Hagaia Sophia
  • Grand Bazaar 

myDesire and myPlea

When I think of myself only,  the idea of death is not bad at all. For death to a Christian believer is “going to heaven”. And heaven is such a wonderful place as described in the Bible. No more tears, no more sickness, no more pain. I will have a glorious body. Heaven is a place where there is no suffering, no struggles… a place of perfect peace….a place uncontaminated with sin….a place of eternal rest. That’s actually the blessed hope that every weary Christian sojourner is promised and should look forward to. 

I surely want to be there!

But when I think of my loved ones, my wife, children, grandchildren my sisters and their families, my friends and everyone dear to me, the idea of death or leaving them behind becomes very depressing! 

I want to grow old with my wife and see the rest of the world with her. I want to see all my children settled with their own families. I want to see all my grandchildren and enjoy them. I want them to see and know me, not just hear about me.

And if I have something else to contribute to this world while I’m still here, let me so do it!
I’ll do my share of work in the vineyard:

Lead others to Christ. 

Teach and preach God’s Word.

Inspire and encourage others.

Heaven? 

Yes! 

Thank you for that eternal gift.

But not yet!

Not soon!

And not now,

Please!

Lord, gracious giver and sustainer of life, grant me some more years that I might enjoy the wonderful human relationships you have gifted me.  

This is my earnest desire and plea!
But still, Your will is best.
And may Your will be done in my life! 

Grant me the grace to accept Your will that I may say with my lips: “It is well! Indeed it is well with my soul!”

mySummer 2017 Vacation

Destin-ation

Destin Florida is our destination for our yearly summer vacation. The white sand beach and the emerald water of Destin keep beckoning us. Lyndee’s family-the Barmes- shares their time-share beach cabin with us. Thanks to grandma Louis for her generousity. I always look forward to this vacation. It provides quality bonding time for our family and it gives me the much needed relaxation.

Family BondingThe clean, clear and warm water of Emerald Beach in Destin Florida makes it a popular tourist destination.

One early morning in the beach cabin before hitting the beach, I saw my grandkids having a caucus. They were discussing Lolo’s bedtime story he told them the night before. They enjoyed the extemporaneous stories where they were the main characters encountering all sorts of adventures. One day, I will write those adventure stories for them to remember Lolo as a story teller.  Rare bonding moments

These cousins live five hours apart-Chigao, Illinois and Vincennes,Indiana. They only see each other at least twice a year. But they are best buddies when they reunite.The girls took my phone and made this selfie!Lyla, Liam and Camden.

Lola and Evelyn

Evelyn with Lola and Lolo

Surprise! ! !

Gilson and Lyndee made their big announcement one dinner time. Lyndee prepared dinner for everyone and before dinner was served Gilson prayed this prayer: “Lord, thank you for our vacation here in Destin. Thank you for the food prepared for us tonight. Thank you for our families and our children especially the one on the way!”

We were all speechless for a moment for after hearing that prayer. Lyndee’s parents, Andy and Angie looked at each other with gaped mouths and widened eyes. “We’re gonna be grandparents for the sixth time?!” I rushed to Lyndee and Gilson to embrace them and inquired if I heard it right to which they both chuckled and nodded. We all hugged each other. And our dinner time turned to a big celebration. As usual I shed tears of joy for the blessing of another grandchild! Another Valenzuela will be added to my growing clan. I feel like a very rich man!

Enjoying the company of Barmes

These beautiful ladies went for a brunch while their guys mind the kids.

Kale and daughter Charlotte. Kale’s wife is Valerie, the lady in the foreground of the picture above.

Evan and son Sullivan. Evan’s wife is Sunny, the lady at the center of the picture wearing white shirt.

Enjoying the clear water and white sand of Destin’s Emerald Beach

Ryland, you’ll be a big brother soon!

Lovely Lyla

Pretty EvelynCute Ryland

Smart Liam
Handsome Camden

Happy Lolo and LolaNo, I did not build these sand castles. We just found them while beach walking.Visiting Gilary in Miami Beach 

From Destin we drove 12 hours to see our Bunso-Gilary,  working/vacationing in Miami Beach. This hard-working young woman is a nanny to two pre-teen girls. Their family owns a condo by the beach where they stayed for three weeks. Eva and Olivia

Sandra is Gilary’s college roommate. They share the nanny work.

Gilda and Cameron flew from Chicago to Miami to join us.Gilda got their own Airbnb place in Miami. The picture above was requested by Airbnb to be used in their social media outlets.The colorful Lifeguard stations in Miami Beach

Miami Beach The beach condo at center is where Gilary stayed for almost a month, courtesy of Jose and Elsa Prieto. Their 10th floor condo has an excellent view of the beach.These kids did not mind the Florida heat.Wifey made sure she had a beach lounging chair.Gilary and Sandra are the nannies to these beautiful girls, Eva and Olivia.

Reunion with cousinOn our way home to Chicago, I met my cousin Wilma and her husband Lewis Nickerson in Atlanta, Georgia.

And for all these blessings, I say:

Gardening in America: myHobby

Our small, old house in West Chicago sits in an acre of land. The Sears model house was built in the 50’s and desperately needed repairs and updates when my wife found it. But she thought that the land size and vegetation would be attractions to me.  She was right. I fell in love with with the place when I first saw it.  The seller walked us on a limestone path woven through the perennial garden. There were lots of mature trees, well-established plants, wild berries and plenty of space for vegetable and flower gardening.  When she learned that I was an agriculturist and someone who loved to garden she said: “I finally found the right buyer”. She wanted someone who will continue her many years of garden work. She then offered a significant discount to encorage us into buying her property. And we did and the rest is history.

Notice the peeling paint on the sidings and the missing facia boards, outside ceiling and worn-out shingles roof, not to mention the condition of the house inside.

We did a lot of repairs and additions over the years. But it’s all worth it. The house became a home and the garden-our little paradise!

The gardening begun
Back in the days when I had all the time in the world to tend a garden, my garden won the second best in the City of West Chicago. Let me share you some pictures of that garden of bygone days.I built a koi pond surrounded with annuals and perennials.
I converted this old charcoal grill into a planter and named it “the fired-up grill”. It contains annual flowers that resemble fire and ornamental chilis with upright red fruits, hence the fire in the grill.


I used an old snow boots as planters for this flowers and vines.


No! That’s not my wife’s Gucci bag! Ivy’s and impatience were planted in this yellow lady’s shoulder bag. This old toilet seat found a new job! Can you suggest a name?

A flowering belt bag- the “flower belt”


This cute doggie planter has this succulent greens as his tail.


When Gilson announced that Lyndee was pregnant with their second child, I got this stork planter and Evelyn was delivered. Two years later, this stork delivered another baby..  Ryland. I’m keeping this stork for future grandkids delivery because I want more!!! 


I planted these cherry trees when we first moved to our present house…one tree for each of our children. These cherry trees have been giving us fruits for many years now.


White hydrangeas aka snowballs will greet you when you visit my house in mid-summer.


I miss those days when we could just set the tables outside/backyard and have a instant picnic with our family. 

But we had one backyard picnic recently when Gilson, Lyndee and the kids visited us for my wife’s 60th birthday! The apple tree on the right side was planted when my grandson Camden was born. Each one of our five grandchildren has a fruit tree planted on their birthdays-peaches for Liam and Evelyn and apples for Lyla and Ryland.

Cousins bonding at the backyard trampoline. Lolo will keep that trampoline for as long as there are grandkids coming. 

The shrub at the background blooms every mid spring. They resemble wedding bouquet with white blossoms and deep green leaves.

This annual flower called “impatience” is for my wife’s birthday in June. Unlike this flower, she’s a super patient woman. She’s been patiently dealing with me for 34 years now!

My church meets here several times during summer for picnic and outdoor worship service.
This summer, all I have are potted annuals on my deck railings and of course the perennials (plants that”die” during the winter months but come alive in spring time through summer and fall.)

Petunias and impatience are annuals. They only last until the end of fall season and they won’t come back. They are very sensitive to the cold weather.

Hostas are perennials. These variegated leaves are very easy to grow and propagate. I collect different varieties. So far I have at least a dozen kinds. 

My hostas are grown up and very dense. I plan to dig and divide them next spring. They are expensive perennials. A 6-inch pot with 2 stems is sold at $5.00.  I can make a handsome money if I sell them!

Then fall/autumn comes. Leaves burst into colors then fall on the ground. My picture above shows two kind of trees: the red one is Japanese maple and the yellow is the local American maple. 

Then winter comes. The colors are gone but it has its own beauty. 


At least there’s one color left in the garden-the evergreens 🌲!

Six long months of the cold weather before the garden springs back to life again!

This oak tree at my backyard looks wilted and dead during winter. It’s amazing to watch it come back to life on spring time when gardening season begins again.

Update: July 2019

Unfortunately, this oak tree had to go. It did considerable damages to my house the last couple of years. The first time was when a major branch snapped out of the trunk during a snow storm damaging my deck and narrowly missing the main house. My insurance paid for the repairs. The just a week ago during a thunderstorm another major branch fell and knocked off our power line. That’s when we decided it should go before it gives us more troubles.

myGardening Season

Gardening was first, my profession. Then it became a hobby. This blog has two parts:

1) Gardening in Oman-myProfession

2) Gardening in America-myHobby

Gardening in Oman-myProfession

My job as an Agricultural Engineer in the Sultanate of Oman trained me in the area of irrigation and landscaping. I was introduced to an array of tropical/desert ornamental trees, shrubs, ground covers, climbers, foliage and flowering plants that beautify grounds of big buildings, homes, parks, highway road sides and roundabouts. The trees I’ve planted in Oman in the mid ’80s are now prominent parts of the Sultanate’s landscape.

I did landscaping for the Sultan’s palaces, ministry buildings,  hospital grounds, stadiums, highway islands and roundabouts, private homes and many more.

I consider that job as one of my best contribution to the world, hence that made it on my list of life accomplishments.

The following are some of the landscaping projects I was involved with among many.

Landscaping the Clocktower Roundabout, 1985

The Clocktower roundabout is located near the Seeb International Airport. It is one of the most prominent site in Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. I take pride in having a part in this famous architectural structure.

A roundabout, also called an island, traffic circle and rotary is a type of circular intersection or junction in which the traffic flows almost continuously in one direction around a central island. The Clocktower roundabout occupies a huge space and the garden in the island is a park which can be accessed by pedestrians through an underground tunnel. 

Landscaping the Sultan Qaboos Sports Complex (Bausher Football Stadium, 1985)

Bausher Stadium is the biggest and most modern football stadium in Oman. It is equipped with giant pop-up sprinklers with automatic control systems. My college friend Engr. Samuel Robeniol who recruited me to work in Oman was the main engineer of the project. The sod used for the football turf was airlifted from Texas.

The stadium has a capacity of 40,000 and is the home of Oman National Football team. It the the venue of the Gulf Cup in 1996.


Edit

In white shirt, waving is my friend Engr. Samuel Robeniol.
The football field at Bausher Stadium.
“Seeb Garden”. This private garden is complete with man-made waterfalls and stream, giant bird cage and a petting zoo. It is owned by Mr. Maqbool Hamed, CEO of Oman Holdings International (OHI), my employer.

My hardworking men from India, Bangladesh and Pakistan. They taught me  how to speak Urdu and introduced me to Indian cuisine. 

OHI landscaping supervisors: From left: Engr. Anselmo Cudal. (He stayed in Oman and is still working there as a manager of a prominent landscaping company. Engr. Samuel Robeniol. (He recruited and trained me for the job. He moved to America, joined the military then studied to become a nurse in New York.)Engr. Antonio Veloso, (moved back to the Philippines and later invented an organic foliar fertilizer that boost crop production.) And yours truly, (migrated to America, went to seminary to become a pastor.)
Oman is a desert country. Every tree that we planted is equipped with either sprinkler or drip irrigation system for efficient maintenance.

I extremely enjoyed my landscaping job in Oman. I’d like to visit that wonderful country again and maybe identify some of the trees I planted there some 30 years ago.

After my two-year stint at OHI landscaping, I was employed as an irrigation technician at Sultan Qaboos University, College of Agriculture. I was assigned at the university farm assisting in the training of Omani nationals in the area of irrigation. 

The soil in the university farm was rocky and sandy. We had to improve the soil

texture by importing “sweet soil” from the wadis (river beds).

My next blog will feature my winning garden in West Chicago. Here is a preview of that beautiful garden.